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ššššššššššššššššššššššššš BRITISH EDUCATION
šššš British education emas us to develop fully the abilitiesš of
individuals,š forš theirš ownš benefit and of society as a whole.
Compulsory schooling takes placeš betweenš theš agersš ofš 5š and
16, but some pupils remain at shool for 2 years more,š to prepare
for further higher education.š Post shool education isš organized
flaxebly, toš provideš a wide range of opportunities for academic
and vacational education and toš continueš studyingš throughš out
life.
šššš Administration ofš stateš schoolsš isšš decentralised.šš The
department ofš educationš and science is responsible for national
education policy,š but it doesn't runš anyš schools,š ifš doesn't
employ teachers, or prescribe corricular or textbooks. All shools
are given a considerable amount of freedom.š According to the law
only one subject is compulsary. That is religious instruction.
šššš Children recieve preschool education under the age ofš 5š in
nursery schools or in infant's classes in primary schools.
šššš Most pupils receive free education finenst from public fonds
and the small proportions attend schools wholy independent.š Most
independent schools are single-sex,š butš theš numberš ofš mixing
schools is growing.
šššš Education withinš theš mantainedš schoolsšš systemšš usually
comprises twoš stages:š primary and secondary education.š Primary
schools areš subdevidedš intoš infantš schools (agesš 5 - 7), and
juniorš schoolsš (agesš 7 - 11).š Infant schools are informal and
children are encouraged to read,š write and make useš ofš numbers
and develop the creative abilities. Primary children do all their
work with the same class teacher exept for PT and music. The work
is beist upon the pupils interests as far as possible.
šššš The junior stage extence over four years. Children haveš set
pirits of arithmetic,š reading,š composition,š history, geography
nature study and others.š At this stage of schooling pupilsš were
often placed in A, B, C and D streamsš according their abilities.
The most able children were put in the A stream, the list able in
the Dš stream.š Tillš reccantly most junior shool children had to
seat for the eleven-plus examination.š It usually consisted of an
arithmetic paper and an entelligent test.
šššš According to the results of the exam childrenš areš sentš to
Grammar, Technical or Secondary modern schools.
šššš So called comprehansive schools began to appear afterš World
War 2.š They are muchly mixed schools which can provide education
for over 1000 pupils.š Ideally they provide all the courses given
in Grammar, Technical and Secondary modern schools.
šššš By the law all childrenš mustš receiveš full-timeš education
between theš agesš of 5 and 16.š Formally each child can remain a
school for a further 2 or 3 years and continue his studies in the
sixth formš upš toš theš ageš of 18 or 19.š The course is usually
subdevided into the lower 6 and the upper 6.š Theš corricularš is
narrowed to 5 subjects of which a pupil can choose 2 or 3.
šššš The mainš examinationsš forš secondaryš schoolš pupilsšš are
generalš certeficateš of education (the GCE) exam and certificate
of secondary education (the CSE) exam.š The GSE exam isš heldš at
two levels:š ordinaryš levelš (0š level)š andš advancedš level (A
level).
šššš Candidats set for 0 level papers at 15 - 16 years away.š GCE
level is usually taken at the end onš theš sixthš form.š Theš CSE
level examš isš taken after 5 years of secondary education by the
pupils who are of everage abilities of their age.
ššššššššššššššššššššššš MY FUTURE PROFESSION
šššš What Iš wouldš likeš toš become?š Thisš questionš paselsš me
greatly. Every job has its elements of difficulties and interest.
I think that nearly all the professionsš areš veryš importantš in
life.š Butš toš chooseš theš rightš occupation is very difficult,
because we must take in to consideration manyš factors.š Weš must
considerš ourš personalš taste and our kind of mind.š At the same
time we must satisfy the requirements of our society andš peoples
needs in one profession or another.
šššš The end of school is the beginning of anš independentš life,
theš beginningš ofš a more serious examination.š In order to pass
that very serious exam we must choose the road in life which will
helpš usš bestš toš liveš andš work.š Each boy and girl has every
opportunity to developš mindš andš useš knowledgeš andš education
receivedš atš school.š Someš mayš preferš to work in factories or
works, others want to goš intoš construction:š toš takeš partš in
building power stations and new towns. Many opportunities to work
and to satisfy at the same time the requirements ofš theš society
and yourš ownš personalš interest are offered in the sfere of the
services transport, communications and many others.
šššš I haveš aš speciallyš liking for to became a programmist.š I
like this profession because it very interest.
šššššššššššššššššššššš ART GALLEREYS OF LONDON
ššš Speaking about art gallereys of London we should first of all
mentionš Theš national gallery,š The national portret galerey and
The tate gallery. I would like to tell you about National portret
gallery and about Tate gallery.
šššš The national gallery houses oneš ofš theš richestš andš most
extensive collections of painting in the world.š It stands to the
north of the Trafalgar Square.š theš gallereyš wasš desighnedš by
Williamš Wilkins and build in 1834-37.š The collection covers all
schools and periods of painting,š but is a speciallyš famousš for
it'sš examplesš ofš Rembrant and Rubents.š The british schools is
only moderatelyš representedš asš theš nationalš collectionsš are
shared with the Tate gallerey.š The National gallerey was founded
in 1824š whenš theš governmentš boughtš theš collectionš ofš John
Angerstein which included 38 paintings.
šššš The Tate gallery houses the national collectionš ofš british
paintingš fromš the 16-th century to the present day.š It is also
the national gallerey forš modernš art,š includingš paintingš and
sculpture made in Britain,š Europe,š America and other countries.
It was opened in 1897 as the national gallerey of british art. It
owesš it's establishment to Suie Henritate who built the gallerey
and gave his own collection of 65 painting.
šššššššššššššššššššššššš BRITISH THEATRES
šššš Until reccentlyš the history of the english theatre has been
build around actors rather then companies.š It has beenš hardš to
find any London theatre that even had a consistent policy.š There
are no permanent staff in British theatres.š Applyš isš rehearsed
forš aš fewš weeks by a company of actors working together mostly
for the first time and it is allowed to run as long asš itš
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